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United Nations Organisation [संयुक्त राष्ट्र संघ]
In short, we tell
1 - UNO (United Nations Organisation)
or
2 -UN (United Nations)
Background of UNO ((United Nations Organisation)
After the first world war (1914 - 1918). An organization is made in 1920 (Name - League of Nation ). Which gives the duty to make peace between the countries. It works like a United Nations organization.
21 countries join the League of Nations between 1920- 1937.
You can check the number of countries given below link.
Causes Why League of Nation destroy.
Many countries like Germany, France, and Britain work as the dominant power in an organization. Which causes many problems in an organization.
Problems
1 - They did not take a proper decision.
2 - Those countries which work as dominant power in the organization. They start taking their decision without discussing them with others. And they did not follow the decision of the League of Nations.
This cause the End of the Organisation in 1946. The official date of the end of an organization is April 19, 1946.
How United Nations Organisation Establish
During the second world war many countries win and many of them loose. But the loss during the war faced both types of countries.
-To finish the second world war and make the peace between the countries an organization is made called the United Nation organization during the second world war.
- It was established on 24 October 1945 in San Francisco, California, United States.
President - F.D Roosevelt
- The name of the organization was suggested by F.D Roosevelt. He was the 32nd president of the United States from 1933 until he died in 1945.
- In 1942 UNO name officials came in front of the world.
Blueprint of United Nation
-In 1944 the conference of UNO blueprint was held in Dumbarton Oak Conference, Washington than on 26 June 1945 blueprint of UNO was the sign at San Francisco Conference and 51 countries sign in this conference. Finally, UNO stabilize and came into force on 19 Oct 1945.
Fact - Every year on 24 October we celebrate UN day.
Sum Important detail about UNO
- There is 193 member in UNO. And from 193 members last member signed South Sudan in 2011
- Headquarter of UNO - New York in Manhattan Island.
- UNO building was Architect by Wallace Harrison.
Aim of UNO
- To make a peace in the world.
- Implement and progress International law.
- To improve the standard of living of people
- They works or all human right.
Languages used in UNO
There are 6 Languages used in UNO
1- French
2- Russia
3 - English
4 - Chinese
5 - Arabic
6 - Spanish
These 6 Languages represent 6 permanent members of UNO.
Out of these, there are only two working languages
1 - English
2 - French
United Nations General Assembly (UNGA).
- It is an assembly where all 193 members sit. And work on issues like Peace, Security, Budgetary, etc.
- They also work on adding, suspend and exclude the member from the organization.
- The bill pass in this organization is in 2/3 ratio.
- President of the assembly chooses for only 1 year.
Important point
- Budget is binding - As all the members follow without any objection.
- Other things are Nonbinding - This means that members make objections.
United Nation Security Council (UNSC)
1 - It is called Policeman of the world.
2 - There is 15 member in this Council.
3 - Out of 15 members - 5 are permanent and 10 are Non-permanent.
4 - 5 permanent members are that member who win the world war i.e UK, Britain, China, Russia, France.
5 -These 5 members have a special power called Veto power.
6 - Other 10 member appointed only for 2 years and they have only voting right
Veto power
The power or right vested in one branch of a government to cancel or postpone the decisions, enactments, etc., of another branch, especially the right of a president, governor, or other chief executives to reject bills passed by the legislature.
UNO Secretariat
1 - It is the organ of UNO.
2 - It can handle by Secretary-General.
3 - Secretary-General is appointed by General Assembly on the recommendation of the UNSC.
4 - Secretary-General appointed for 5 years.
5 - Secretary-General is not part of permanent 5 members.
7 - First secretary general name - (Trygve Lie) from Norway country.
8 - Another name of Secretary-General is Chief Administrative Officer.
9 - Secretary-General handles all the issues inside UNO.
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